[The nosologic structure and rate of hospitalization in third level ophthalmologic center].

THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: To investigate nosologic structure and hospitalization rate in the National Center of Ophthalmology depending on accessibility of ophthalmologic care in the regions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data of hospitalization in the National Center of Ophthalmology in December 2019 was used (12 882 cases of in-patient treatment). The patients were allocated in groups according to living addresses considering degree of accessibility of primary and secondary ophthalmologic care (residents of Baku; cities of the Republican subordination (Ganja, Sumgayit, Mingachevir, Shirvan); district centers; rural settlements). RESULTS: The predominant cause of hospitalization is associated with cataract (39.43%), percentage of remaining causes of hospitalization is less than 10%. Among the causes of hospitalization in all groups of settlements the first place is for cataract. But percentage of this pathology is relatively low among residents of Baku (37.00±0.69%) and cities of the Republican subordination (37.5 ±1.88%). The corresponding indices are significantly higher (p≤0.05) among residents of rural settlements (39.40±0.68%) and district centers (45.09±1.03%). CONCLUSION: In the nosologic structure of the causes of hospitalization in third level ophthalmologic center dominate cataract (39.43%), retinal detachment with ruptured retina (8.65%), eye and retinal injuries (6.22%). The nosologic structure of causes and rate of hospitalization in third level ophthalmologic center depends on accessibility of primary and secondary ophthalmologic medical care to population. The residents of Baku, where the tertiary ophthalmologic center is located, (223.23±3.20) are hospitalized up to 1.6 times more often as compared with residents of other regions (≤131.71±2.74). The residents of cities of the Republican subordination with developed ophthalmologic care of primary and secondary level are hospitalized less (84.0±3.26).

Individualización de pacientes con baja visión en el Centro Oftalmológico del Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso / Individualization of low vision patients in Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital Ophthalmologic Center

Se efectuó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 73 pacientes con baja visión, que asistieron a la consulta del Centro Oftalmológico del Hospital General Docente Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba, desde julio hasta diciembre del 2009, a fin de describir algunas características clínicas y demográficas. La degeneración macular asociada a la edad primó en más de 25,0 por ciento de los integrantes de la casuística, seguida por el glaucoma crónico simple y la miopía degenerativa y, según lugar de procedencia, los pertenecientes al municipio de Santiago de Cuba representaron 73,0 por ciento del total. Se logró rehabilitar a 89,0 por cientode los pacientes examinados y tratados

A descriptive and cross sectional study of 73 patients with low vision who visited the Ophthalmologic Center at Dr Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from July to December 2009 in order to describe some clinical and demographic characteristics. Macular degeneration associated with age prevailed in more than the 25,0 per cent of the case material, followed by simple chronic glaucoma and degenerative myopia and, according to origin place, those belonging to Santiago de Cuba municipality represented 73,0 per cent of the total. It was possible to rehabilitate the 89,0 per cent of the examined and treated patients

Edema macular cistoideo / Macular cystoid edema

Se presentan 2 casos clínicos de pacientes con edema macular cistoideo, provocado por cirugía intraocular (por extracción extracapsular del cristalino y lente intraocular) y operación convencional del desprendimiento de retina, entre otras causas, atendidos en el Centro Oftalmológico del Hospital General Docente "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" de Santiago de Cuba, con el fin de analizar el efecto terapéutico de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos, corticoides tópicos y peribulbares, así como evaluar la evolución clínica a través de la tomografía de coherencia óptica. En ambos casos hubo una gran mejoría de la visión, con 0,6 y 0,5, respectivamente.

The case reports of 2 patients with macular cystoid edema, caused by intraocular surgery (extracapsular extraction of the crystalline lens and intraocular lens) and conventional surgery for retinal detachment, among other causes, assisted in the Ophthalmologic Center of "Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba are presented, with the purpose of analyzing the therapeutic effect of anti-inflammatory non-steroid drugs, topical and peribulbar corticoids, as well as evaluating the clinical course through the tomography of optic coherence. In both cases there was a great improvement of vision, with 0,6 and 0,5, respectively.